\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 at
\b0 spools away a copy of the named file to be used as input to sh(1) or csh(1). If the -c flag (for (csh(1))) or the -s flag (for (sh(1))) is specified, then that shell will be used to execute the job; if no shell is specified, the current environment shell is used. If no file name is specified, at prompts for commands from standard input until a ^D is typed. If the -m flag is specified, mail will be sent to the user after the job has been run. If errors occur during execution of the job, then a copy of the error diagnostics will be sent to the user. If no errors occur, then a short message is sent informing the user that no errors occurred. The format of the spool file is as follows: A four line header that includes the owner of the job, the name of the job, the shell used to run the job, and whether mail will be set after the job is executed. The header is followed by a cd command to the current directory and a umask command to set the modes on any files created by the job. Then at copies all relevant environment variables to the spool file. When the script is run, it uses the user and group ID of the creator of the spool file. The time is 1 to 4 digits, with an optional following `A', `P', `N' or `M' for AM, PM, noon or midnight. One and two digit numbers are taken to be hours, three and four digits to be hours and minutes. If no letters follow the digits, a 24 hour clock time is understood. The optional day is either (1) a month name followed by a day number, or (2) a day of the week; if the word `week' follows, invocation is moved seven days further off. Names of months and days may be recognizably truncated. Examples of legitimate commands are at 8am jan 24 at -c -m 1530 fr week at -s -m 1200n week At programs are executed by periodic execution of the command /usr/lib/atrun from cron(8). The granularity of at depends upon the how often atrun is executed. Error output is lost unless redirected or the -m flag is requested, in which case a copy of the errors is sent to the user via mail(1).
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 sh
\b0 (1) will be used to execute the job
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\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Mail will be sent to the user after the job has been run
CommandArgument
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\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The time to execute the command
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\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The day to execute the command
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\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Commands to
\b0 prints the queue of jobs that are waiting to be run at a later date. These jobs were created with the at(1) command. With no flags, the queue is sorted in the order that the jobs will be executed.
\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The queue is sorted by the time that the at command was given
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\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Prints only the total number of files that are currently in the queue
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\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The user(s) to display files for
\b0 removes jobs that were created with the at(1) command. With the flag, all jobs belonging to the person invoking atrm are removed. If a job number(s) is specified, atrm attempts to remove only that job number(s).
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\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 All jobs belonging to the person invoking
\b0 asks if a job should be removed; a response of 'y' causes the job to be removed
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\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 All information regarding the removal of the specified jobs is suppressed
job number
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\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 If specified,
\b atrm
\b0 attempts to remove only these job number(s)
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\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 If specified, all jobs belonging to these user(s) are removed
\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 cal
\b0 prints a calendar for the specified year. If a month is also specified, a calendar just for that month is printed. Year can be between 1 and 9999. The month is a number between 1 and 12. The calendar produced is that for England and her colonies.
month
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\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 If specified, a calendar just for this month is printed
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\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The year to print a calendar for
\b0 consults the file `calendar' in the current directory and prints out lines that contain today's or tomorrow's date anywhere in the line. Most reasonable month-day dates such as `Dec. 7,' `december 7,' `12/7,' etc., are recognized, but not `7 December' or `7/12'. If you give the month as ``*'' with a date, i.e. ``* 1'', that day in any month will do. On weekends `tomorrow' extends through Monday. When an argument is present, calendar does its job for every user who has a file `calendar' in his login directory and sends him any positive results by mail(1). Normally this is done daily in the wee hours under control of cron(8). The file `calendar' is first run through the ``C'' preprocessor, /lib/cpp, to include any other calendar files specified with the usual ``#include'' syntax. Included calendars will usually be shared by all users, maintained and documented by the local administration.
\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Does its job for every user who has a file `calendar' in his login directory and sends him any positive results by mail(1)
\b0 executes commands at specified dates and times according to the instructions in the files /private/etc/crontab and /private/etc/crontab.local. None, either one, or both of these files may be present. Since cron never exits, it should only be executed once. This is best done by running cron from the initialization process through the file /etc/rc; see init(8).\
The crontab files consist of lines of seven fields each. The fields are separated by spaces or tabs. The first five are integer patterns to specify:\
+ minute (0-59) o
+ hour (0-23) o
+ day of the month (1-31) o
+ month of the year (1-12) o
+ day of the week (1-7 with 1 = Monday)\
Each of these patterns may contain:\
+ a number in the range above o
+ two numbers separated by a minus meaning a range inclusive o
+ a list of numbers separated by commas meaning any of the numbers o
+ an asterisk meaning all legal values\
The sixth field is a user name: the command will be run with that user's uid and permissions. The seventh field consists of all the text on a line following the sixth field, including spaces and tabs; this text is treated as a command which is executed by the Shell at the specified times. A percent character (``%'') in this field is translated to a new-line character.\
Both crontab files are checked by cron every minute, on the minute.
\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 If no arguments are given, the current date and time are printed. Providing an argument will set the desired date. Only the superuser can set the date.\
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\fc0\cf0 If timed(8) is running to synchronize the clocks of machines in a local area network, date sets the time globally on all those machines unless the -n option is given.\
\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Used to display or set the date in GMT (universal) time
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\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Date sets the time globally on all machines in a local area network unless this flag is given
yymmddhhmm
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\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The year, month, day, hour and minute to set the date and time to
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\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The seconds to set the time to
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The given command is executed; after it is complete,
\b time
\b0 prints the elapsed time during the command, the time spent in the system, and the time spent in execution of the command. Times are reported in seconds and are printed on the diagnostic output stream. Time is built in to csh(1), using a different output format.
command
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\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The command to execute
\b0 is the time server daemon and is normally invoked at boot time from the rc(8) file. It synchronizes the host's time with the time of other machines in a local area network running timed(8). These time servers will slow down the clocks of some machines and speed up the clocks of others to bring them to the average network time. The average network time is computed from measurements of clock differences using the ICMP timestamp request message. The service provided by timed is based on a master-slave scheme. When timed(8) is started on a machine, it asks the master for the network time and sets the host's clock to that time. After that, it accepts synchronization messages periodically sent by the master and calls adjtime(2) to perform the needed corrections on the host's clock. It also communicates with date(1) in order to set the date globally, and with timedc(8), a timed control program.
\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Will remain a slave
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\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Enables timed to trace the messages it receives in the file /usr/adm/timed.log
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\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Overrides the default choice of the network addresses made by the program
network
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\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The name of the network the host is connected to
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\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Network name is added to a list of networks to ignore
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\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The network name to be added to the list of networks to ignore
\b0 is used to control the operation of the timed program. It may be used to:\
+ measure the differences between machines' clocks,\
+ find the location where the master time server is running,\
+ enable or disable tracing of messages received by timed, and\
+ perform various debugging actions.\
Without any arguments, timedc will prompt for commands from the standard input. If arguments are supplied, timedc interprets the first argument as a command and the remaining arguments as parameters to the command. The standard input may be redirected causing timedc to read commands from a file. Commands may be abbreviated; recognized commands are:\
? [ command ... ]\
help [ command ... ] Print a short description of each command specified in the argument list, or, if no arguments are given, a list of the recognized commands.\
clockdiff
host ... Compute the differences between the clock of the host machine and the clocks of the machines given as arguments.\
trace \{ on | off \} Enable or disable the tracing of incoming messages to timed in the file /usr/adm/timed.log.\
quit Exit from timedc.\
Other commands may be included for use in testing and debugging timed; the help command and the program source may be consulted for details.
\b0 suspends execution for time seconds. It is used to execute a command after a certain amount of time as in: (sleep 105; command)& or to execute a command every so often.
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\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The number of seconds to suspend execution for
\b0 until all processes started with & have completed, and report on abnormal terminations. Because the wait(2) system call must be executed in the parent process, the Shell itself executes wait, without creating a new process.
\b0 reads text from the file(s) named on the command line and creates the time conversion information files specified in this input. If a filename is -, the standard input is read.\
Input lines are made up of fields. Fields are separated from one another by any number of white space characters. Leading and trailing white space on input lines is ignored. An unquoted sharp character (#) in the input introduces a comment which extends to the end of the line the sharp character appears on. White space characters and sharp characters may be enclosed in double quotes (") if they're to be used as part of a field. Any line that is blank (after comment stripping) is ignored. Non-blank lines are expected to be of one of three types: rule lines, zone lines, and link lines.\
A rule line has the form\
Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S\
For example:\
\b Rule USA 1969 1973 Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D\
\b0 \
The fields that make up a rule line are:\
NAME\
Gives the (arbitrary) name of the set of rules this rule is part of.\
FROM\
Gives the first year in which the rule applies. The word minimum (or an abbreviation) means the minimum year with a representable time value. The word maximum (or an abbreviation) means the maximum year with a representable time value.\
Gives the final year in which the rule applies. In addition to minimum and maximum (as above), the word only (or an abbreviation) may be used to repeat the value of the FROM field.\
TYPE\
Gives the type of year in which the rule applies. If TYPE is then the rule applies in all years between FROM and TO inclusive; if TYPE is uspres, the rule applies in U.S. Presidential election years; if TYPE is nonpres, the rule applies in years other than U.S. Presidential election years. If TYPE is something else, then zic executes the command yearistype year type to check the type of a year: an exit status of zero is taken to mean that the year is of the given type; an exit status of one is taken to mean that the year is not of the given type.\
Names the month in which the rule takes effect. Month names may be abbreviated.\
Gives the day on which the rule takes effect. Recognized forms include:\
5 the fifth of the month last\
Sun the last Sunday in the month\
lastMon the last Monday in the month\
Sun>=8 first Sunday on or after the eighth\
Sun<=25 last Sunday on or before the 25th\
Names of days of the week may be abbreviated or spelled out in full. Note that there must be no spaces within the ON field.\
AT Gives the time of day at which the rule takes effect. Recognized forms include:\
2 time in hours\
2:00 time in hours and minutes\
15:00 24-hour format time (for times after noon)\
1:28:14 time in hours, minutes, and seconds\
Any of these forms may be followed by the letter w if the given time is local ``wall clock'' time or s if the given time is local ``standard'' time; in the absence of w or s, wall clock time is assumed.\
SAVE\
Gives the amount of time to be added to local standard time when the rule is in effect. This field has the same format as the AT field (although, of course, the w and s suffixes are not used).\
LETTER/S\
Gives the ``variable part'' (for example, the ``S'' or ``D'' in ``EST'' or ``EDT'') of time zone abbreviations to be used when this rule is in effect. If this field is -, the variable part is null.\
A zone line has the form\
Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]\
For example:\
\b Zone Australia/South-west 9:30 Aus CST 1987 Mar 15 2:00\
\b0 \
The fields that make up a zone line are:\
NAME\
The name of the time zone. This is the name used in creating the time conversion information file for the zone.\
GMTOFF\
The amount of time to add to GMT to get standard time in this zone. This field has the same format as the AT and SAVE fields of rule lines; begin the field with a minus sign if time must be subtracted from GMT.\
RULES/SAVE\
The name of the rule(s) that apply in the time zone or, alternately, an amount of time to add to local standard time. If this field is then standard time always applies in the time zone.\
FORMAT\
The format for time zone abbreviations in this time zone. The pair of characters %s is used to show where the ``variable part'' of the time zone abbreviation goes. UNTIL The time at which the GMT offset or the rule(s) change for a location. It is specified as a year, a month, a day, and a time of day. If this is specified, the time zone information is generated from the given GMT offset and rule change until the time specified.\
The next line must be a ``continuation'' line; this has the same form as a zone line except that the string ``Zone'' and the name are omitted, as the continuation line will place information starting at the time specified as the UNTIL field in the previous line in the file used by the previous line. Continuation lines may contain an UNTIL field, just as zone lines do, indicating that the next line is a further continuation.\
A link line has the form\
Link LINK-FROM LINK-TO\
For example:\
\b Link US/Eastern EST5EDT\
\b0 \
The LINK-FROM field should appear as the NAME field in some zone line; the LINK-TO field is used as an alternate name for that zone.\
Except for continuation lines, lines may appear in any order in the input.
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\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Create time conversion information files in the named directory rather than in the standard directory named below
directory
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\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The directory to create the files in
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\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Use the given time zone as local time.
\b zic
\b0 will act as if the file contained a link line of the form\
Link timezone localtime
timezone
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\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The time zone given as local time
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\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Complain if a year that appears in a data file is outside the range of years representable by time(2) values
filename
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\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The input file(s) containing time zone information
(.txt)